Worm drive road roller



Sept. 12, 1933.

"r-f. s. DAvls Er AL WORK DRIVE RQAD RCIJLER Filed Nov. 7, 1928 '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Spf. 12, 1933. F. s. DAvls Er Al.

WORK DRIVE ROAD ROLLER `Fi1ed Nov. 7, 1928 7 sheets-sheet 2 Y Sept. 12, 1933 F. s. DAvls E1' Al.

WDR DRIVE ROAD ROLLER Filed Nov. '7, i928 '7 sheets-sheet 3 j @ai am w j Sept. 12, 1933- l F. s. DAVIS E'T AL 1,926,667

wo'nu bnIvE ROAD ROLLER Filed Nov. '7. i928 'r sheets-sheet 4 Sept. 12, 1933. FQ s. bAvls Er AL WOR DRIVE ROAD ROLLER 'r sheets-sheet 5 ned Nov. 7, 1928 l2, 1933. F, Q DAvlsfE-r L I 1,926,667

.worin :JR-rvs ROAD ROLLER Filed Nov '7. 1928 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 /I 2% vez? 0746,-

Sept. I2, 1933. F s DAvls Er AL 1,926,667

WORM DRIVE ROAD ROLLER Filed Nov. 7. 1928 'r sheets-sheet 7 35i Fig. 3

45 constructiondisclosed in JFig. .7.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view `in side elevation'of the transmission and rear construction of the* Patented sept. 12, 1933 Unirse "srArES WORM DRIvE ROAD ROLLER Frank S. Davis, VIlossmoor, andi H-iugh D.

Woodier, Harvey,

Ill.,

assignors te Austin Manufacturing Co., Harvey, Ill., a corporation' v of Illinois f 'fApplicaticnNovemb-er 7,1928. kSerial N0 317,847.

" i 6 claims. V(c1. 'rr-57) Thisinvention relates to road rollers and more particularly to the provision oi a novel construcl tion of road rollen-provided with a worm drive.

Among the objects of Vour invention are to pro-` dqvidefaA road rolleroi stream-line design, which affords theoperator an unobstructed view of thegwork of bothront and rear` rolls; further to provide a constructionwhich entirely enclos'esv the power unit and transmission, thereby protecting l0.; .them not only from dust and dirt and the weather,

but also against petty thievery oi such things aslA carburetor and magneto; ffurther'to providea novell construction oi?- transmission-'imeansg further-,tto provide a'novel ccnstructionof worm 15.Y gear drive which allows for the same speedffor-v ward'and reverse; further to'provide a novel construction and means or mounting the worm gear and clutches; further to provide a'novel construction of maximumsfimplicity, efficiency, economy,

293i assembly and ease of operatiomandsuch further objects, ,advantages and capabilities as will later more fully appear. Y i

Our invention further resides in the combination, construction and arrangement of'parts-illus"A 252 trated inthe accompanying drawings,and while we haveshown therein apreierred embodiment,

we .desire it to be understood that the `same is susceptible of modification' and-change without departing from the spirit of our invention.

30" ln the drawingsr` ,l

Fig. Lis a view inside elevation of our road,

roller. lig 2 is a top pian view ofthe construction disclosed in Fig. l.

of the internal combustion engine or prime mover for the road roller and the-gear case housingthe worm gears, and also including the= means of lubricating the gears.

4U? Fig. e' is a View in verticalvcross section taken,

VFig. 5 isaV view in vertical cross section taken onrthe line 545 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 6 is a ragmentary. top planlview oi the road roller, the side roller frame plate. and one rear drive .wheel havingA beenremoved.V i

5G' Fig. 8 is a broken view in horisontalcross section takenon the line 8--8 of Fig. 7.

Referring more particularly v'to our invention,-

the numeral l refers to the prime mover or inter-A nal combustion engine ior` driving the road'roller; l This roller isprovided withfront: rolls`2fand rear is a fragmentary view in sideelevationV rolls 3 and 3a of substantially greaterdiameter'. than the forwardfroll, the construction: ofgthe forward andrear rolis being such as tc allow an:

v overlap in the frontrolls, such overlappingbeing specially advantageous when rolling over' hotr 60;`

material. l A

Roller plates 4 and 5 provide a frame for'the power plant and worm drive of the roller, this giving the same a` stream-line appearancaand.

by enclosing the power unit and transmission (g5- completely, the plate protects the inner-mecha# nism from dust `and dirt and 'theweathen and;

also againstpetty thievery of the removable parts;

Louvered plates 6 and 'l are provided'in the:

frame or side plates. 4 These louveredf plates or.` 70r doors are of ample sizeicr inspection and when locked preventreadyremoval or disturbanceon` the carburetor yor electrical equipment; A- re.``

movable plate`8 also allows access to the clutches. The forward wheels or. rolls 2 are provided with-75l` adjustable Scrapers 9 and- 10, while the rear rolls 3 and 3a are providedv withV adjustable. Scrapers-.- 11y and 1 2, this construction allowingior the scraping of the rolls, regardless of `the direction: of rotation'of the rolls.

The steering mechanism vfor the road .rollen comprises a steering shaft' 13 providedat one end` with a hand wheel I'la for-turning the sameand-V provided vatthe other end with a bevelgear l5:

. meshing with a larger bevelgear 16 mounted4v 85.

upon ai shaft l'l providedwvith a worms (not. shown) meshing with an arcuate rack 17a-mounted on the verticalshaft lconnected to ayoke Y 19 containing thefiront` orguiding rolls. Ther construction ofthe vertical shaft 18"'or king pin l90` which operates thewater pump 22. The spiral. 100y gears drivethe shaft 23 driving the gear pump;y 24 in the `tank 25.V This gear'pump circulates oil'in the worm gear casing 26, the oil being f pumpedthereto bymeans ,of `a discharge line 27'Y v connecting to the topy of the gear casing, theoil; 105i draining'baclrthrough an outlet 23` from the gear casing vback to vthe tank 25. This construct-ion thus provides a, continuous Acirculation Vof-oilV through the worm gear casing.l

Y Arshafrzs is' driven directly lfrom the prim 11o the drive and 95 mover or engine, and has mounted thereon a worm 30, the shaft being suitably and rigidly mounted upon bearings 31 and 32, the end of the 4shaft being threaded and provided with a nut 33 bearing against the beveled plate ofthe bearing 32.

tion of the side wall of the gear `casing. 26. The thrust roller bearing member 32 is mounted in a casingk35 attached-to the rear wall of the housing 26. A hub 36 is splined on the shaft 29 and is provided with a series of flexible discs 37 which are very long lived and require but infrel bolted thereto, while a spider 39 is suitablyV bolted or attached to the ily wheel 40 and also suitably bolted or attached to the discs 37. This construction provides a eXible coupling allowing for anyslight variation in alignment of the shaft. An upper worm gear 41 and a lower worm gear 42 mesh with and are always in engagement with the worm 30. The worm gears 41 and`42 are each provided with hubs 43 secured thereto by bolts 44, `quills 45 being splined to said hub. `Roller bearings 46 and 47 are mounted on the quills and 57 and the member 58Y onV the hub 54'; being connected to thehub and rotate the shaft and drive the pinion 59 for driving the roller in reverse or `rearwardly. When the lower shaft 55 is driven by means of the clutch mechanism, the

,pinion 69 is rotated and this pinion drives the roller in the forward direction. `The upper and lower clutch and the driving mechanism therefor are similar in construction-and have been numbered accordingly throughout the drawings.`

` In road roller operation, the most severe strains comeon the clutches and it is therefore 'necessary that vthey be of ample size invorder to stand up to the most severe work and strain day in and day out, year in and year out. Applicants construction of clutches of the twin-disc type, in

which the pressures are relatively low and frictional surfaces of ample size, provides 'clutches quent adjustments, which adjustments may be 'inection 74 attached to Ithe lever 75.

' made by hand without even the use of a wrench. i The Aconstruction for forcing the clutchl into` engagement' or disengagement, comprises ka clutch upon a stub shaft which is mounted upon a plate 63, which plate is bolted to the side of the frame.

The clutch shift or shifter arm 61v isv provided at its'upper and lower ends with yokes 64 andH 65 whichrare attached to slidable sleeves 66 and 67. The yoke 64 is further attached to a second yoke 69 mounted on a stub shaft 70,`the clutch shift being rockedby means of lever arms 71,n

71a, 72, 722L and 73 provided witha forked con- Thus by either forcing the lever 75 forwardly or pulling itrearwardly, the upper clutch Aor the lower clutch B may be thrown in to drive its respective pinion 59 or ,60. Thesleeves 66 and 67 are provided with wedge surfaces acting upon cam members 76 and 77 respectively, to force the mov- -able clutch plates into engagement with those The bearing 31 is mounted ywithin an" annular flange 34, which member provides a porvare mounted pinions 85, 86 and 87.

gear shift lever 106.

connected to the quills 50, thus operating the clutch A or B to rotate either the upper or the lower shaft 55 and its respective pinion 59 or 60. The sleeves 66 and 67 are connected to the opposite ends of the shifter arm or clutch shift in such a manner that when one end of the clutch lever moves in to tighten its clutch, the other end moves away from clutching position, so that at no time can both clutches be in engagement. As shown in Fig. 5, the clutch is inneutral position. The ends of the shafts 55 adjacent the pinions 59 and 60 are provided Vwith bearings 78 surrounded by an annular ring 79 providing a bushing therefor, the bearing and v bushing being housed in a member 80, removably secured'in a side wall of the frame of the roller. Afluidal vmetal such as zinc, is poured in at 81 between the bushings 79 and an annular shoulder 82 of the member 80. This allows for therproper alignment of the shafty 55.

As shown more clearly in Figs. 6` and 7, the pinions 59 and 60drive a large pinion 83, this pinion 83 in turn driving a quill 84 upon which A shaft 88 is located above and rearwardly of the shaft 84a anclis provided at one endthereof with a hub 89 uponwhich is mounteda bull pinion 90 adapted to mesh with a bull gear 91 'fastened to the large roll Saand rear axle 92, bymeans of a differential.' ed on a slidable sleeve 95, which sleeve is adapted to'be shifted by means of a shifter arm 96, thus bringing into engagement either the pinions 93 and'85, ork the pinions 94 and 86. A pinionV 97 on the shaft `88 is mounted on a slidable sleeve 98.'- A shifter arm 99 is adapted to slide the sleeve 98 and pinion 97 into or out of engagementwith the pinion87. Thus by the meshing or engagement of the pinions-85, 86l and 87 with their respective pinions 93, 94 or 97 on the shaft 88, it is possible to secure three'speeds. In low speed, Vthe pinion 87 meshes with the pinion 97; in second speed, vthe pinion 86 meshes with the pinion 94; while in high speed, the pinions 85 and 93 mesh. By the construction of the upper and vlower clutches A and B and the pinions 59, 60 and 83, our construction allows for the same travelling speeds forward and reverse, the necessary feature in a'road roller which is working backward substantially as much as forward. The shaft 84a is stationary, the quill 84 being the rotating member.

Inorder to throw this-machine'into whichever speed is necessary, the shifter arms 96 and 99 are mounted vupon upper and lower shiftable arms 100v and 100a which are slidably mounted and v100afareconnected at their one end with members 103 and 104, the member 103- being connected to a gear'shift lever 105, while the second or lower member 104 isy connected to a The upper lever 105 operating through the membery 103 manipulates and Ashifts theupper shaft 100, which shaft or second position.

, in bracket members 101 and 102. The arms `100 Y shift or-shifter arm 61 which is pivoted at 62' or arm100a to throw the pinion 97 into or out of engagement with the'pinion 87y so as to throw the machine into or out of low speed. Pins 107 and 108 pass through the shaft 84 at both sides thereof, these pins holding the mechanism on said shaft in rigidposition and thus preventing any lateral displacement. y

Whenever any one ofthe pinions 93, 94 or 97 adapted to the operation of a road roller, which,`

the shaft 84, the shaft 88 is rotated, thus ro- -f tating the bull pinion 90, which bull pinion rotates the bull gear` 91 fastened to the rear roll and axle by means of a differential 109.v The differential is provided with a side bevel gear 11G provided with a hub 111 keyed to the shaft and which provides the driving bevel gear. A spur drive gear 112` provided with four differential pinions 113, is free to revolve on the hub 111. The rear road Wheel 3a with its hub 114. and its connected bevel gear 115 is free to revolve on the rear axle unless the compensating action is locked, Which'can be accomplishedv by means of apin 116, which pin 116 is generally inserted `when the roller is pulling a heavy load.Y Thebull pinion and the differential are completely enclosed in a dust-proof casing..

On the rear wheel 3 opposite the one carrying thedifferential, we provide a brake 117 which is provided with conventional brake band and operated through the means of a hand wheel 118.v vA pin 119 is adapted to lockV the hub 120 to .the

brake drum 117.

From the drawings and the above detail construction, it Will be seen that werhave provided a construction of road roller which is veryefflcient and easily operated. By our construction of worm gear drive, in which we use Ythe worm gears as the' primary drive from the motor tothe clutches, we have taken a most noteworthy step forward in the construction of road rollers. By

, using two worm gears, one located above and the other beneath thev single worm, we have provided a construction which is exceedingly Well unlike a motor truck or other automotive vehicle, is working in reverse gear substantially as much as in forward gear, and must thereforel have the saine` travelling speed forward and reverse. The construction of the worm gear drive l requires practicallyno adjusting and permits an immediate reduction -in speed from that of the motor to that of the clutch shaft.

By our construction of clutches, the worm gears, are tted to quills or hollow shafts carried on tapered roller bearings, `which are placed within the gear housing. rIhese quills on which the worm gears are mounted carry the driven clutch discs while the hubs carry the remainder of the discs. The construction of theframe provides easy accessibility to the interior' mecha-v nism,.while at the same time, it prevents the entrance of any foreign matter and the weather. Although the drawings disclose but'a single hand or emergency brake, the constructionvis provid-K` ed with a foot brake operated by means of a drum bolted to the pinion or the lower clutch shaft.

All of the levers are easily accessible tothe op erator of the machine, and the Ventire construction 'lends itself to simplicity ofoperation. Y

I-Iaving thus disclosed our invention, we claim:

l. In a road machine, apower plant `for saidV machine, a wormconnected to the drive-shaft ofsaid machine, a worm gear located below said worm for driving said machine in forward direction, and a second worm gear located above said Vwormfor driving said machine in` reverse direc-` -tion`, said gears being mounted on quills, clutch discs attached to said quills, aV shaft freely rotatable within each of said quills, clutchdiscs connected to said shafts and adapted` to been. gaged and rotated by the clutch discs attached to said quills, and a gear mounted on each of said last mentioned shafts and rotated thereby `bull pinion and driven c 3 Yfor operatively driving said machine in Veither of vtwo directions.

2. In a road machine, 'a power plant for said'v machine, a worm connected to thedrive shaft of f ,l 1

said machine, a Aworm gear located below said wormA fordriving saidmachine in'y forward direction, and a second worm gearlocated above said Worm for, driving said machine `in reverse direction, said gears being mounted on quills, clutch discs attachedto said quills, a shaft freelyfrotatable within each Vof said quills,- clutch.'

discs connected to said shafts and adapted ,to be engaged and rotated by the clutch discs attached to saidV quills; means for engaging either of vsaid clutches for driving its respectiveL shaft, and a gear mounted on each of said last mentioned shafts and rotated thereby for operatively driving said machine in either of two directions.

3. In a road machine, a power plant therefor, 95-

driving wheels for said machine, and means for transmitting the motive power from the drive neet each of saidquills with its respective shaft, I a pinion mountedV on each of said shafts, and

driving means connecting said pinions with said driving Wheels for operating said machine.

4. In a road machine, a power plant for said machine, a worm connected to the drive shaft below said worm and driven thereby, eachugear of said machine, worm gearspositioned above and 110 being mounted upon a quill, clutch discs on said 2 quills, a shaft within eachof said quills and `freely rotatable therein and provided With a hub at one end and a pinion; at the other end thereof, clutch discs mountedon said hubs and adapted to be engaged and Vdriven yby the' clutch discs on said quills, said pinionsmeshing with a l common driven gearmounted upon a quill, pinions mounted on' said quill, a shaft, pinions on said shaft, leach of said secondY mentioned pinions being adapted to be engaged by and rotate a pinion on said shaft, a bull pinion on said shaft and al gear adapted to be engaged by said 1 .thereby for propelling said machine. y ,s

5. In ka road machine, a power plant therefor, driving wheels for said machine, andmeans for transmitting the'motive power from the drive shaft of'said power plant to said wheels, said means including a Worm connected to and directly driven from the drive shaft, worm gears mounted on quills andA driven by said worm, a

shaft freelyu rotatable inf each of said quills, a clutch adapted to connect each of said quills with its respective` shaft, and meansfor throwing into or out of engagement either of said clutches.

6. A drive mechanism fora road machine, comprising a worm and gears,` a pair `of clutches,

driven members for driving 4said machine in Y either forward or reverse direction, each of said clutches having elements connected to a gear and to a driven member, pinions on said mem- `bers, a gear' meshing with and adapted to` bev driven by either of said pinions, and means driven by said` last mentioned gear for selectively driving said machine. l

FRANK S. DAVIS. f HUGHY D. WOODIER. 

